Month: May 2020

Universal 915: externally modifiable NP > backgrounded NP > demoted NP > nonreferential noun Original Hierarchy of incorporability:externally modifiable NP > backgrounded NP > demoted…

Universal 914: speaker (1st person pronouns) > addressee (2nd person pronouns) > kin > rational > human > animate > inanimate Original Whenever there is…

Universal 913: speaker (1st person pronouns) > addressee (2nd person pronouns) > kin > rational > human > animate > inanimate Original The Animacy hierarchy:speaker…

Universal 912: Original Agreement is often carried out in such a way that the verb agrees with noun phrases higher in animacy, and fails to…

Universal 911: subject > direct object > indirect object > oblique object Original The grammatical encoding of the causee proceeds as follows: the causee occupies…

Universal 910: Original If speech act constructions – constructions which indicate some feature of an illocutionary act – in certain subordinate clauses, then speech-act constructions…

Universal 909: Original In a language with only a single genitive, when a transitive clause is nominalized, the subject’s prior claim to the genitive case…

Universal 908: Location word (adverb) > Object word (noun) > Property word (adjective) > Action word (verb) Original The Verbalization Hierarchy of Intransitive Main Predicates:Semantic:…

Universal 907: Original Adpositions may encode the valency-bound syntactic core relations of subject and object and perhaps attribute only if languages dispense with morphological case…

Universal 906: Original In any language, case marking by means of segmental modification implies that affixes are also utilized in this paradigmatic domain. Standardized IF…