Month: May 2020

Universal 615: Subject > Direct Object> Indirect Object > Oblique Object > Attributive > Object of Comparison Original Accessibility Hierarchy:Subj> DO > IO > Obl…

Universal 614: Original When becoming a nasal or determining the place of articulation of adjacent nasals by assimilation, labial velars behave primarily like velars. Standardized…

Universal 613: purple V pink V orange V grey ⇒ brown ⇒ blue ⇒ green & yellow ⇒ red ⇒ black & white Original If…

Universal 612: Switch-Reference marking ⇒ verb-final Original If there is Switch-Reference marking, languages will mostly be verb-final. Standardized IF there is Switch-Reference marking, THEN word…

Universal 611: Original If a language has Switch-Reference marking between non-adjacent clauses, it will also mark Switch-reference between adjacent clauses. Standardized IF there is switch-reference…

Universal 610: Original When the Switch-Reference marker is a suffix the Marking clause precedes theReference clause; when the Switch-Reference marker is a verbal prefix, the…

Universal 609: Original Reference clauses for Switch-Reference marking are never subordinate to Marking clauses. Standardized Reference clauses for Switch-Reference marking are never subordinate to Marking…

Universal 608: reflexive (1 &, v 2 ) ⇒ reflexive (3 ) Original If there are reflexive pronouns distinct from non-reflexive ones with 1st and/or…

Universal 607: Switch-Reference (1 &, V 2) ⇒ Switch-Reference (3) Original If there is Switch-Reference marking with 1st and/or 2nd Person, then also with 3rd…

Universal 606: Original If there are two verb-lexicalization rules in a language such that the two meaning characterization contrast only in the quantity or quality…