Month: May 2020

Universal 585: increased volume of sound ⇔ increased emphasis; Original Increased volume of sound is systematically correlated with increased emphasis in all languages. Standardized IF…

Universal 584: Original If degree of complexity in phonetic form is systematically correlated with degree of complexity in meaning, the former always pertains to the…

Universal 583: Original Semantically simple morphemes are never systematically more complex in phonetic form than semantically more complex ones. Standardized IF morphemes are semantically less…

Universal 582: inflection (noun) ⇒ inflection (pronoun) Original If there is any inflection in nouns, there are also some inflections in pronouns. Standardized IF there…

Universal 581: (¬gender (Sg) & gender (1 non-Sg)) ⇒ gender (2 non-Sg) ⇒ gender (3 non-Sg) Original In languages without Gender distinctions in the Singular,…

Universal 580: (gender (Sg) & gender (1non-Sg &,V 2 non-Sg)) ⇒ gender (1Sg &,V 2 Sg ) V gender (3Sg) Original In languages with Gender…

Universal 579: count & mass nouns ⇔ configurational NP; Original A language distinguishes between count and mass nouns if and only if a language possesses…

Universal 578: Original If stacked targets (such as attributive adjective and a determiner) may differ in agreeing on a referential-semantic or a syntactic basis, the…

Universal 577: Original If any inflectional category is expressed through suppletion in nouns, it is also expressed suppletively in pronouns or verbs. Standardized IF any…

Universal 576: semantic agreement for personal pronouns ⇒ semantic agreement for relative pronouns ⇒ ⇒ semantic agreement for predicates ⇒ semantic agreement for attributes Original…