Month: May 2020

Universal 575: Du & Pl (exclusive pronoun) ⇒ Du & Pl (inclusive pronoun) Original There is no language which distinguishes a Dual and a Plural…

Universal 574: obligatory (in)definiteness marking ⇒ ¬stacked adnominal construction Original If a language has obligatory marking of (in)definiteness, then it has no stacked adnominal numeral…

Universal 573: obligatory (in)definiteness marking ⇒ ¬ obligatory numeral classifier Original If a language has obligatory marking of (in)definiteness, then it has no obligatory marking…

Universal 572: obligatory (in)definiteness marking ⇒ obligatory plural marking (noun) Original If a language has obligatory marking of (in)definiteness, then it has obligatory marking of…

Universal 571: Original Hierarchy of syntactic bondedness (stronger > weaker): article+noun > deictic+noun < interrogative+noun < quantifier/indefinite+noun < adjective+noun >> participle+noun > relative clause+noun. As…

Universal 570: definite article is grammaticalized in subject NPs ⇒ definite article is grammaticalized in direct object NPs ⇒ definite article is grammaticalized in prepositionally…

Universal 569: ¬ case (noun) ⇒ article;¬ article ⇒ case (noun) Original No (Indo-European) language does without both morphological case marking and articles. Standardized (In…

Universal 568: Original If both present and past tenses have completely identical stems, they must have means of differentiation. Standardized IF present and past tenses…

Universal 567: Original If there are high and low social varieties of a language and only one of them has an article, it will usually…

Universal 566: Du (2 & 3 person) ⇒ Du (1 person) Original If 2nd and 3rd Person differentiate a Dual, so does (with more than…