Month: May 2020

Universal 1855: Original Consonantality of a neighboring sound has the effect of changing a nonlateral into a lateral whereas the nonconsonantality has the reverse effect…

Universal 1854: Original Languages tend to have laterals after grave consonants and nonlaterals after acute. Standardized Languages tend to have laterals after grave consonants and…

Universal 1853: Original The liquids tend to have a lateral quality while occurring in the neighborhood of (especially before) front vowels. Standardized When a vowel…

Universal 1852: Original The nonlateral has a noncentralizing or backing effect on a neighboring vowel. Standardized When a vowel is adjacent to a nonlateral, it…

Universal 1851: Original If a lateral is velarized, it happens to have a lowering effect on all vowels. Standardized Vowels tend to be lower in…

Universal 1850: Original Nonlaterals (trills or flaps) have the property of lowering a preceding vowel. Standardized Vowels tend to be lower preceding non-laterals (trills or…

Universal 1849: Original A laryngealized voiced palatal approximant [j] does not occur without the voiceless glottal fricative [h]. Standardized IF there is laryngealized a voiced…

Universal 1848: Original See IPA. Standardized IF there is a laryngealized voiced alveolar stop, THEN there is also a laryngealized voiced bilabial stop. Keywords stop,…

Universal 1847: Original See IPA. Standardized IF there is a breathy voice palato-alveolar sibilant affricate, THEN there is also a breathy voice velar stop. Keywords…

Universal 1846: Original Standardized IF there is a voiced dental trill, THEN there is also a voiceless dental stop. Keywords stop, trill, dental, voice Domain…