Month: May 2020

Universal 1455: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘non-participant’ in the singular, it cannot be used to denote…

Universal 1454: Original In all languages, there is a special form to denote the metaperson ‘non-participant’. Standardized In all languages, there is a special form…

Universal 1453: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular (and consequently, the metaperson ‘hearer(s) + non-participant'(s); see )…

Universal 1452: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular, it cannot include among its meanings…

Universal 1451: Original In all languages, if there is a certain form to denote the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular, it cannot denote the metaperson…

Universal 1450: Original In all languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular, then this form includes among its meanings the metaperson…

Universal 1449: Original In no language is there a special form to denote the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular. Standardized In no language is there…

Universal 1448: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular is not the only meaning expressed by some pronominal…

Universal 1447: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if some pronominal form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular, it cannot include among its…

Universal 1446: Original In all languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular, it cannot denote the metaperson ‘speaker’. Standardized IF some…