Month: May 2020

Universal 1245: Original The complete elimination of a language’s initial vowels, whether by loss or by consonant problems, is less likely than the complete elimination…

Universal 1244: Original The loss of intervocalic consonants is a more frequently occurring process than loss of initial consonants; hiatus producing more intervocalic loss is…

Universal 1243: Original The loss of all a language’s initial vowels (or prothesis of a consonant before them) is significantly less likely than a language…

Universal 1242: Original The likelihood of initial clusters is greater for languages with final consonants than for languages without final consonants, even greater for languages…

Universal 1241: Original No language without initial clusters has V.CCV division of two-segment clusters. Standardized IF there are no initial consonantal clusters, THEN there is…

Universal 1240: Original If a language’s only final margins are stops, then they are glottal stops. Standardized IF stops are the only final word margin,…

Universal 1239: Original Word-Terminal Condition: if an intersyllabic sequence is divisible into occurring word-initial and word-final clusters, then the perceived boundary does not fall between…

Universal 1238: Original No language has uniform V.CCV division of two-segment clusters if it has final consonants. Standardized IF there are final consonants, THEN there…

Universal 1237: Original Languages with uniform syllable division do not have VC.V division. Standardized IF there is uniform syllable division, THEN there is no VC.V…

Universal 1236: Original If a language has initial or final clusters, then it also has medial clusters. Standardized IF there are initial or final clusters,…