Month: May 2020

Universal 1225: terminative v prosecutive ⇒ allative Original If there is a terminative (‘up to where’) or a prosecutive (‘where to’), then there will be…

Universal 1224: locative-ablative v allative-ablative ⇒ locative-allative Original Non-differentiation or syncretism of locative and ablative or of allative and ablative are less likely than non-differentiation…

Universal 1223: Original If there is a local case other than locative, then there will also be a locative. Standardized IF there is a local…

Universal 1222: local case ⇒ other local expressions Original If there are local cases, then there are very likely also other expressions for localization, viz.…

Universal 1221: locative ⇔ allative ⇔ ablative Original Systems of local cases prototypically include a locative (‘where’ case), an allative (‘where to’ case), and an…

Universal 1220: Original If localization is expressed by adpositions, then there will also be nominal combinations for purposes of localization. Standardized IF localization is expressed…

Universal 1219: Original If a case is governed by a local postposition, then this case will preferably also be used to express possession (i.e., genitive).…

Universal 1218: Original If there are no local cases but non-local (grammatical, abstract) cases, then localization will preferably be expressed by adpositions plus non-local cases…

Universal 1217: case (postposition) ⇒ case (noun) Original If postpositions inflect for case, then nouns will also inflect for case. Standardized IF postpositions inflect for…

Universal 1216: local postpositions ⇒ case (noun) Original If there are (local) postpositions, then there will also be nominal case inflection (not necessarily including local…