Universal 108: OV ⇒ Verb Interr

Universal 108: OV ⇒ Verb Interr

Original

In consistent OV languages, interrogative markers follow verbs, occupying final position in the sentence.

Standardized

IF basic order is consistently OV, THEN interrogative markers follow the verb and are sentence-final.

Keywords

order, OV, interrogative

Domain

syntax

Type

implication

Status

achronic

Quality

absolute?

Basis

languages in Lehmann 1973

Source

W. P. Lehmann 1973

Counterexamples

OV & sentence-initial Q particles: Koyraboro Senni Songhay (Songhay, Nilo-Saharan), Hindi, Urdu, Bhojpuri (all Indic, IE), Persian (Iranian, IE), Byansi (Tibetic), Ngandi, Gunwinggu, Dalabon (all Gunwingguan, Australian), Djingili(West Barkly, Australian), Bandjalang, Kuku-Yalanji, Margany, Yuwaalaraay, Bularnu (all Pama-Nyungan, Australian), Slave, Navajo (both Athabaskan), Santa Ana Keresan (Keresan), Kiowa (Tanoan), Hopi (Hopi, Uto-Atztecan), Nevome (Tepiman, Uto-Aztecan), Yaqui, Eudeve (both Taracahitic), Gavaio (Monde), Resigaro (Maipuran, Arawak), Eseejja, Tacana (both Tacanan), Apinaye, Cayapo, Canela-Kraho (all Ge-Kaingang). OV & Q particle precedes the verb (a superset of the preceding): Koyraboro Senni Songhay (Songhay, Nilo-Saharan), Somali (Eastern Cushitic, Afroasiatic), Hindi, Urdu, Bhojpuri (all Indic, IE), Persian (Iranian, IE), Byansi (Tibetic), Jaqai (Marind, Trans-New Guinea), Barai (Central and SE New Guinea), Imonda (Northern Trans-New Guinea), Ambulas (Sepik), Nasioi (Bougainville, East Papuan), Ngandi, Gunwinggu, Dalabon (all Gunwingguan, Australian), Djingili(West Barkly, Australian), Bandjalang, Kuku-Yalanji, Margany, Yuwaalaraay, Bularnu (all Pama-Nyungan, Australian), Slave, Navajo (both Athabaskan), Santa Ana Keresan (Keresan), Wichita (Caddoan), Kiowa (Kiowa-Tanoan), Hopi (Hopi, Uto-Atztecan), Nevome (Tepiman, Uto-Aztecan), Yaqui, Eudeve (Taracahitic), Gavaio (Monde), Resigaro (Maipuran, Arawak), Eseejja, Tacana (both Tacanan), Apinaye, Cayapo, Canela-Kraho (all Ge-Kaingang) (Dryer 2000)