Universal 1296: unobservable > irreversible observable > monovalent reversible > bivalent locational
- Original
- In languages where both resultatives proper and derived statives have the same form, the probability for a resultative to have stative meaning increases from right to left:
unobservable > irreversible observable > monovalent reversible > bivalent locational
- Standardized
- In languages where both resultatives proper and derived statives have the same form, the probability for a resultative to have stative meaning increases from right to left:
unobservable > irreversible observable > monovalent reversible > bivalent locational
- Keywords
- diathesis, resultative
- Domain
- syntax, semantics
- Type
- implicational hierarchy
- Status
- achronic
- Quality
- statistical
- Basis
- languages surveyed in Nedjalkov (ed.) 1983, Nedjalkov (ed.) 1988
- Source
- Kozinsky 1988: 505
- Counterexamples
1. Cf. #1299.2. The resultative form expresses the resultative meaning proper if it denotes a state that is the result of a previous event. The meaning of the derived stative is ‘the state as such with no reference to its origins’, or, one might say, a primary natural state. Cf. Russian:(1) Resultative:Na stene visit kartina [on wall hangs picture] ‘There hangs a picture on the wall’ -> Na stene poveshena kartina [on wall hung-PastPart-Pass picture] ‘A picture is hung on the wall’(2) Stative:Na vetkax visjat jabloki [on branches hang apples] ‘There are apples hanging on branches’ -> * Na vetkax povesheny jabloki