Skip to content

Universal 1354:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1354:

Original
The maximum number of sporadic addends is two.
Standardized
In numeral systems, the maximum number of sporadic addends is two.
Keywords
numeral
Domain
word formation
Type
unconditional
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
56 languages mentioned in Greenberg 1978a
Source
Greenberg 1978a: 268 (#20)
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    1. This principle may be illustrated by Kato (Athabaskan). In Kato, 9 is “bun-naka-naka” ‘five-two-two’. However, “bun” ‘five’ is a serialized augend, as can be seen from 6 which is ‘five-one’ and 7 which is ‘five-two’. Hence the analysis of 9 here is 5+(2+2). In fact 4 is “naka-naka” ‘two-two’.2. By serialization Greenberg means: Whenever there are at least two successive numbers ‘x’, ‘x+1’…, such that each is expressed as the sum of some constant ‘y’ and ‘z’, ‘z+1’ …, respectively, we will say that ‘y’ is an augend by serialization. We may illustrate this from English. Let ‘x’ be ‘twenty-one’, ‘y+1’ be ‘twenty-two’, etc. They are expressed as (2×10)+1, (2×10)+2, etc., respectively. Hence 20 is the augend by serialization in these expressions, and 1, 2 … are addends. The augend may have either simple lexical expression or be internally complex (cf. #1352), as with 20 = 2×10 in this example. Note also #1363.

    1. May 2020

Comments are closed.