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Universal 1394:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1394:

Original
All languages have non-reduced adverbial constructions.
If a language has reduced adverbials, these are always more restricted in their privileges of occurrence than non-reduced adverbials.
Standardized
All languages have non-reduced adverbial constructions.
If a language has reduced adverbials, these are always more restricted in their privileges of occurrence than non-reduced adverbials.
Keywords
adverbial
Domain
syntax
Type
no genuine implication; rather: provided that
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
23 languages in Sanders 1972 [1978]
Source
Sanders 1972: 107, Sanders 1978: 64
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    All languages have certain superficial grammatical constructions which are used to express predicational relations between a nominal or clausal argument and a predicate of temporal or spatial location, function, direction, etc. Such constructions are most commonly referred to as ADVERBIALS, or, where the predicate constituent is an uninflected word or clitic, as prepositional or postpositional phrases. non-reduced adverbials are certain adverbial predications where at least one predicate constituent with overt noun or pronoun head is present. E. g. at the back of the (house) at – predicate, the back – nominalreduced adverbial constructions are certain adverbial predications which invariably occur without overt predicate/argument constituents. E. g. [N] (predicate-reduced) John went home. (locative argument) The party was yesterday (temporal argument) *The party was on/in/at yesterday. [P] (argument-reduced) John went out. (locative predicate) He had never dance before. (temporal predicate)

    1. May 2020

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