Universal 1424:
- Original
- Secondary oral stops, apart from borrowings, are the results of diachronic developments from clusters.
- Standardized
- Secondary oral stops, apart from borrowings, are the results of diachronic developments from clusters.
- Keywords
- stop, cluster
- Domain
- phonology
- Type
- target < source
- Status
- diachronic
- Quality
- statistical
- Basis
- 317 language sample from Nartey 1979
- Source
- Nartey 1979: 28
- Counterexamples
A secondary oral stop is a stop made with extra contributions from articulators other than those involved in the production of a primary oral stop (e.g. lip rounding to produce labialized stops). Also included are those stops that are either preceded or followed by a short period of nasal closure (as in the nasalized sounds), or voiceless vowels (as in the aspirated sounds)(Nartey 1979: 24).Primary oral stops are those speech sounds made with a pulmonic air stream and a complete closure of two articulators (as in the single articulations /p,t/) or four articulators (as in the double articulations /kp, gb/). The release of such sounds may be sudden (as in the stops /p,t/) or delayed (as in the affricates /pf, ts/) (Nartey 1979: 17).