Skip to content
Universal 1446:
- Original
- In all languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular, it cannot denote the metaperson ‘speaker’.
- Standardized
- IF some form denotes the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular, THEN it cannot denote the metaperson ‘speaker’.
- Keywords
- personal pronoun, person, 1st, 2nd, speaker, hearer, number, singular
- Domain
- inflection, syntax, lexicon
- Type
- implication
- Status
- achronic
- Quality
- absolute
- Basis
- 400 world-wide distributed languages, see Sokolovskaja 1980: 98-99; Sokolovskaja surveyed systems of independent personal pronouns only.
- Source
- Sokolovskaja 1980: 91, U 8
- Counterexamples
Sokolovskaja recognizes the following metapersons:’speaker’, ‘hearer’, ‘non-participant’, ‘speaker + hearer(s)’, ‘speaker + non-participant(s)’, ‘hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’, and ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s).