Universal 1590:

Universal 1590:

Original

Verb-medial languages exhibit a slight preposing tendency, but a strong tendency not to affix preposed material.

Standardized

IF basic order is verb-medial, THEN there is a strong tendency for preposed grammatical morphemes not to be affixed (i.e., to be free).

Keywords

order, verb-medial, morpheme, affix-order, grammaticalization

Domain

morphology, syntax

Type

implication

Status

achronic, diachronic

Quality

statistical

Basis

32 V-final languages from a 71-language sample (GRAMCATS database) in Bybee, Pagliuca, & Perkins 1990

Source

Bybee, Pagliuca, & Perkins 1990: 30

Counterexamples