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Universal 1622:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1622:

Original
If a language has a distinct class of adjectives, then nouns are generally characterised by the feature [+ Shape].
Standardized
IF there is a distinct word class of adjectives, THEN nouns are characterised by the feature [+ Shape].
Keywords
word class, adjective, noun
Domain
syntax, semantics
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
50 languages (sampled by the method of Bakker, Hengeveld, & Rijkhoff) surveyed in Rijkhoff 2000
Source
Rijkhoff 2000: 243
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    Hmong Njua was the only potential counterexample in the sample (see #1625): it has adjectives and uses classifiers, which typically occur in languages with sort nouns [-Shape]. As Rijkhoff argues, Hmong Njua is the only classifier language in the sample that on a more or less regular basis indicates whether the referent consists of a collective or a singleton “set” entity [+Shape] (rather than a sort entity [-Shape]).

    1. May 2020

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