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Universal 1676:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1676:

Original
Standardized
IF there is a phoneme all of whose allophones are variants of /f/, THEN there is a phoneme whose characteristic variant is /∫/ or /v/.
Keywords
labial, fricative, allophone
Domain
phonology
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
languages mentioned in Terentjev, includung Islandic, Old Irish, Old Breton (all Celtic), Spain (Romance), Modern Greek (Greek), Shugni-Rushan (Iranian) languages, e.g. Wakhi, and Jazguljami, Avestan (Iranian )
Source
Terentjev 1969: 127-8
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    Cf. Gamkrelidze’s statement (#921): The presence of the voiceless labial fricative phoneme /f/ in a system presupposes the simultaneous presence of the voiced labial fricative phoneme /w-v/.

    1. May 2020

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