Universal 1740:

Universal 1740:

Original

There is no language with endoclitics, i.e., clitics inside words do not exist.

Standardized

There are no endoclitics, i.e., clitics inside words do not exist.

Keywords

clitics, endoclitics

Domain

phonology, syntax

Type

unconditional

Status

achronic

Quality

statistical (according to author absolute)

Basis

Source

Klavans 1979

Counterexamples

In the Vartashen dialect of Udi (Northeast Caucasian) person/number markers can cliticize into the verb, i.e., they can be endoclitics (claim thoroughly defended by Harris 2000).Klavans 1979 herself rejects Zwicky’s 1977 claims that Ngiyambaa (Pama-Nyungan), Beja (Cushitic, Afro-Asiatic), and Hua (Papuan) have endoclitics and proposes different analyses.Portuguese, Bengali [give details – FP]