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Universal 1741:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1741:

Original
There is more prefixing on verb than on noun. If a language has any prefixes on noun, it will also have prefixes on verb with considerably more than chance frequency.
Standardized
IF there are any prefixes on nouns, THEN there will be prefixes on verbs with considerably more than chance frequency.
Keywords
affix-order, prefix, noun, verb
Domain
morphology
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
200 languages drawn from three samples: a 113-language sample by L. Stassen, a 40-language sample by J. Bybee & R. Perkins, and a 50-language sample by G. Gilligan
Source
Cutler, Hawkins, & Gilligan 1985: 730; Hawkins & Gilligan 1988: 224, C.Lehmann & Moravcsik 2000
Counterexamples
Stassen’s sample: 97% of languages confirm this generalization.

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP
    1. May 2020

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