Universal 1920:

Universal 1920:

Original

Only languages that distinguish tense and/or aspect in their verbal morphology will be likely to have an indicative-subjunctive distinction in complementation.

Standardized

IF verbs are inflected for tense and/or aspect, THEN there is an indicative-subjunctive distinction in complementation, and vice versa.

Keywords

tense, aspect, mood, indicative, subjunctive, complementation

Domain

inflection, syntax

Type

mutual implication

Status

achronic

Quality

statistical

Basis

languages surveyed in Noonan 1985

Source

Noonan 1985: 51

Counterexamples