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Universal 1951:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1951:

Original
If a negative polarity item (NPI) (in particular an auxiliary) can occur in some affective context, it will also appear in all contexts to the right of this context:

comparative < conditional < interrogatives < negatives.

Standardized
IF a negative polarity item (in particular an auxiliary) can occur in a comparative context, THEN it can also occur in a conditional context.
IF a negative polarity item (in particular an auxiliary) can occur in a conditional context, THEN it can also occur in an interrogative context.
IF a negative polarity item (in particular an auxiliary) can occur in an interrogative context, THEN it can also occur in a negative context.
Keywords
negative polarity item, auxiliary, comparative, conditional, interrogative, negative
Domain
syntax
Type
implicational hierarchy
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
languages surveyed in Edmondson 1981, Edmondson 1983
Source
Edmondson 1981, Edmondson 1983: 51
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP
    1. May 2020

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