Universal 473: accusative/nominative (noun) ⇒ accusative/nominative (1 V 2 V 3 person pronoun)
Original
If in a language there is an opposition ”accusative/nominative” in the declension of nouns, then there is the same opposition in the declension of independent personal pronouns of the 1, 2, 3 person (at least one of them).
Standardized
IF there is an opposition accusative/nominative in the inflection of nouns, THEN there is the same opposition in the inflection of independent personal pronouns of 1st, 2nd, 3rd person (at least one of them).
1. This universal can be divided into two separate ones:a. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of inanimate nouns, animate nouns have the same opposition.b. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of animate nouns, personal pronouns have the same opposition.[Has the wrong universal been entered? Animacy isn’t mentioned at all. ]2. See a similar statement by Silverstein (#217).
1. This universal can be divided into two separate ones:a. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of inanimate nouns, animate nouns have the same opposition.b. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of animate nouns, personal pronouns have the same opposition.[Has the wrong universal been entered? Animacy isn’t mentioned at all. ]2. See a similar statement by Silverstein (#217).