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Universal 717:
- Original
- Phonetically Central tones are unmarked, Extreme tones are highly marked.
- Standardized
- Among CENTRAL and EXTREME tones, CENTRAL are usually unmarked and EXTREME marked.
- Keywords
- tone, central, extreme, markedness
- Domain
- phonology
- Type
- unconditional
- Status
- achronic
- Quality
- statistical
- Basis
- languages in Maddieson 1978
- Source
- Maddieson 1978: 341, also cited in Holenstein 1985: 143
- Counterexamples
- Jukun, Yoruba, Idoma, Yala (all Benue-Congo, Niger-Congo), Panjabi (Indic, Indo-European), Standard Thai (Daic, Austroasiatic), Ixcatec (Oto-Manguean) (Maddieson 1978)
