Author: FP

Universal 138: Original If a language has de-verbal case markers at all, it is likely to have a de-verbal Locative case marker. Standardized IF there…

Universal 126: N Num ⇒ N Rel;equivalently: Rel N ⇒ Num N Original If a language has noun before numeral, then it has noun before…

Universal 127: Original No language has syntactic means (dependent marking, head marking, word order) which are exclusively used in ANCs. Standardized IF any kinds of…

Universal 132: SENT (ANC) ⇒ SOV & G N Original Languages with the SENT type of ANCs are to a large extent SOV/GN languages. Standardized…

Universal 133: Original It is relatively unusual for languages (in ANCs) to combine sentential dependent-marking for the S with non-sentential marking for the A or…

Universal 134: Original Ergative languages favour SENT and SENT-POSS ANCs and disfavour POSS-ACC and NOMN ones. Standardized IF there is ergative alignment, THEN action nominalizations…

Universal 135: Original Pronominal Subjects and Agents are more likely to genitivize in ANCs than non-pronominal ones. Standardized IF non-pronominal subjects (S) and agents (A)…

Universal 136: Original [IF one of the relations of (i) alienability, (ii) inalienability, and (iii) classification is realized formally by a certain construction, THEN no…

Universal 137: Original In no language will the morphological bulk of a direct case affix exceed that of the oblique case affixes, as a general…

Universal 150: Original If head nouns have adjective-like inflection, so do adnominal nouns. Standardized IF head nouns have adjective-like inflection, THEN so do adnominal nouns.…